What type of bond is formed by the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions?

The bond formed by the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions is known as an ionic bond. This type of bond occurs when one atom donates electrons to another atom, resulting in positively charged cations and negatively charged anions. The attraction between these oppositely charged ions creates a strong force that holds them together.

In ionic compounds, one atom typically has a much higher electronegativity than the other, leading to a complete transfer of electrons from one to the other. This process results in the formation of stable ionic structures. Ionic bonds are often found in compounds formed between metals and nonmetals, such as sodium chloride (table salt).

The characteristics of ionic bonds include high melting and boiling points, electrical conductivity when dissolved in water or molten, and a crystalline structure. Understanding the nature of ionic bonds is fundamental in stoichiometry, reactions, and understanding the properties of various materials in chemistry.