What is the primary function of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?

The primary function of a catalyst in a chemical reaction is to speed up the reaction without being altered in the process. Catalysts work by providing an alternative pathway for the reaction that has a lower activation energy, thus allowing the reactants to convert to products more efficiently. Because the catalyst is not consumed, it can be used repeatedly in multiple reaction cycles, maintaining its effectiveness throughout.

This unique property of catalysts is crucial in many industrial and biochemical processes, as it allows for increased production rates and energy savings while reducing the need for higher temperatures or pressures that might be required in the absence of a catalyst.