What does a titration curve represent?

A titration curve illustrates how the pH of a solution changes as a volume of titrant is added during a titration process. As the titrate is introduced, the acidity or basicity of the solution alters, and these changes can be graphically represented on a curve. The x-axis typically shows the volume of titrant added, while the y-axis indicates the pH level. The resulting curve provides crucial insights into the equivalence point, where the amount of titrant is stoichiometrically equivalent to the amount of substance in solution.

This graphical representation is essential in identifying properties such as the strength of the acids or bases involved, the equivalence point, and the buffer capacity of the solution. Analyzing a titration curve can also help in determining the dissociation constant of weak acids or bases, making it a valuable tool in chemistry for both practical applications and theoretical understanding.

The other options suggest unrelated concepts: boiling points are associated with phase changes, color changes might occur in some titrations but are not the primary focus of a titration curve, and fluid density relates to mass and volume rather than pH changes.