The typical pH of wastewater leaving an IWTS:

The typical pH of wastewater leaving an Industrial Wastewater Treatment System (IWTS) is maintained within a range of 6 to 9. This range is crucial for several reasons.

Firstly, pH levels that are too low (acidic) or too high (basic) can negatively affect both the treatment processes and the viability of aquatic life once the treated water is discharged into natural water bodies. By maintaining pH within 6 to 9, the treatment system ensures that the water remains compatible with the environment and does not harm ecosystems.

Secondly, many biological processes involved in wastewater treatment, such as the activity of microorganisms, function optimally within this pH range. Deviating from this range could inhibit the biological treatment efficiency, leading to insufficient removal of contaminants and, consequently, less treated water quality.

Furthermore, regulations often dictate that treated wastewater must meet specific pH criteria prior to discharge to protect receiving waters. Keeping the pH within the range of 6 to 9 ensures compliance with these environmental regulations, mitigating potential legal and environmental repercussions for facilities.

In summary, the maintenance of a pH range of 6 to 9 in the effluent is key not only for effective treatment but also for environmental protection and regulatory compliance