How is molarity calculated in a solution?

Molarity is a specific measure of concentration that defines the number of moles of solute present in one liter of solution. The formula for calculating molarity is given as:

Molarity (M) = Moles of solute / Volume of solution in liters.

This definition establishes that molarity is concerned with the amount of solute (in moles) relative to the volume of the solution (in liters). Therefore, the correct approach to determine how concentrated a solution is, relies on this ratio of moles to volume.

While other options touch on aspects of solution chemistry, they do not accurately represent the established method for calculating molarity. For instance, simply dividing the mass of the solute by the volume of the solution does not account for the units necessary to determine molarity, as it neglects the conversion from mass to moles.